Gold Mining Shaker Table

TremiFlo Shaker Table Scalable Processing Solution

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What is Gravity separation?

Gravity separation is a mineral processing technique that exploits differences in the specific gravity (density) of minerals to separate valuable ores from gangue (waste material). It relies on the principle that denser particles settle faster or move differently under the influence of gravity, often combined with fluid dynamics, vibration, or centrifugal forces.

In the context of extracting minerals using a shaker table (also known as a shaking table or Wilfley table), the process works like this:

Setup and Operation: The shaker table is a flat, riffled deck tilted at a slight angle and mounted on a mechanism that imparts a rapid, reciprocating motion (shaking) along its length. A slurry of crushed ore mixed with water is fed onto the table from one end.
Separation Mechanism: As the table shakes asymmetrically (faster in one direction than the other), heavier minerals with higher density are influenced more by gravity and inertia, causing them to migrate toward the riffles and down the table’s slope. Lighter particles are carried away by the flowing water film across the table. The riffles help trap and channel the denser concentrates.
Key Factors: Effective separation depends on variables like particle size (typically 0.075–2 mm for optimal results), feed rate, water flow, table tilt, stroke length, and frequency. It’s commonly used for minerals like gold, tin, tungsten, and rare earth elements, offering a low-cost, environmentally friendly alternative to chemical methods.

This method is efficient for fine-grained materials and can achieve high recovery rates when tuned properly, but it may require multiple passes or integration with other techniques for complex ores.